Mountains and mountain ranges of Madhya Pradesh

 MPPSC prelims unit 3 topic 1

Madhya Pradesh  has mainly three mountain ranges :-

Vindhyachal mountain, Satpura mountain and Rajpipla mountain series.All mountain ranges of Madhya Pradesh are  block mountain category, moreover both the ranges are adjacent with Narmada Son rift Valley.

Vindhyachal Mountain :-

• It is the oldest mountain series of the state and situated in the middle of Madhya Pradesh. It’s easternmost Hill is Kaimur and westernmost is Kakrabardi hills.
• Composition –  Redstone ,Quartz and Silica.
• Situated Northern side of Narmada river.
• Extension – West to Eastern Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh,Bihar.
• Districts in Madhya Pradesh – Bhopal,Raisen,Sehore,Dhar,Damoh,Katni,Shahdol.
• Soil – Black and Mountainious Soil.
• Rivers – Ken,Tons,Betwa.
• Average Rainfall – 125 cm.
• Forest – Mainly Teak and Tendu.
• Minrals – Lime Stone,Coal,Geru.
• Industrial Areas – Pithampur (Dhar),Mandeep (Raisen),Bhopal.
• Major Crops – Gram,Wheat,Soyabean.
• Tourists spots – Amarkantak,Bhimbethka,Sanchi.
• East to West hills of vindhyachal mountain :-

Kaimur hills — Bhander hills — Udaygiri hills — Bhimbethka hills– Janapav hills — Kakrabardi hills

• Kaimur hills – Origin point of Tons river.
• Janapav hills – Origin of Chambal river.
• Kakrabardi hills – Origin of Shipra river.
• Bhopal is situated on Vindhyachal mountain & situated on Seven Hills.

Satpura Mountain Range :-

•  Situated in Southern side of Narmada river.
• It is parallel to the Vindhyachal mountain range.
•  In Madhya Pradesh it starts from Amarkantak to Rajpipla mountain range; some portion of the Rajpipla series is in Gujarat and Maharashtra.
• Amarkantak Hills are in Eastern margin of Satpura mountain range from where Narmada Son and Johila river are Originals.
• The highest peak of Madhya Pradesh Dhupgarh (1350meter) is in this range.
• Tawa river originates from the Mahadev series.
• Pancmarhi is situated on Mahadev range of satpura series.

Rajpipla Mountain Range :-

•  Western margin of Madhya Pradesh which is up to Burhanpur pass.
• It has the following  Four Hills :-

• Akhrani
• Barwani
• Asirgarh
• Bijalgarh

• Tapti river originates from these Hills.
• These four Hills are situated on the bank of Narmada and Tapti river.

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